Biochemical Markers of Oxidative Stress in Predialytic Chronic Renal Failure Patients

Background

The present study was designed to test the hypothesis that elevated reactive oxygen species activity and decreased antioxidant activity may contribute to the pathogenesis of chronic renal failure (CRF) which may be aggravated by immunosuppression.

Methods

Thirty healthy controls of either sex in the age group of 25–70 years and 30 age- and sex-matched CRF patients with serum creatinine levels > 3.0 mg/dL were included in the study. Serum malondialdehyde (MDA), adenosine deaminase (ADA), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), blood urea nitrogen, and creatinine were estimated.

Results

There were statistically significant decreases in predialysis serum ADA and FRAP, and a statistically significant increase in MDA levels in CRF patients compared to controls. MDA showed significant positive correlation with serum creatinine (r = 0.79, p < 0.01). FRAP showed nonsignificant negative correlation with serum creatinine (r = −0.02, p > 0.05). Significant negative correlation was observed between MDA and FRAP (r = −0.55, p < 0.01) in CRF patients. Nonsignificant negative correlation was observed between ADA and MDA (r = −0.0087, p > 0.05), and nonsignificant positive correlation was observed between ADA and FRAP (r = 0.315, p > 0.05) in CRF patients.

Conclusion

These results are suggestive of oxidative stress leading to progressive renal injury along with immunosuppression. FRAP can be a useful indicator to monitor and optimize antioxidant therapy, which may potentially become an important adjunct in the management of CRF patients.

Key words:  adenosine deaminase , chronic renal failure , lipid peroxidation , malondialdehyde , total antioxidant capacity

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